COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

 

WHAT IS ICT?

ICT is an acronym which stands for information and communication Technology, ICT covers any device that is being powered by electricity and it’s capable of storing, retrieving, manipulating, transmitting and receiving of information electronically in a digital form.

Products of ICT includes: Personal computers (PCs), digital Televisions, email, robots etc

TYPES OF ICT

Types of ICT are:

a. Broadcasting

b. Telecommunications

c. Data networks

d. Information system

e. Satellite communication

A. BROADCASTING: Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video contents to a dispersed audience through a medium such as radio, television, electronic bill boards etc.

The three (3) types of Broadcasting are 

1) Radio broadcasting.

2) Television broadcasting.

3) Satellite broadcasting.

1) Radio broadcasting: is an audio (sound) broadcasting services, broadcast through the air as radio waves from transmitter to an antenna and therefore to the receiving device.

2) Television broadcasting: Digital television broadcasting is the transmission of audio and video information by digital signals (1s and 0s) while analog transmits audio and video in analog signals with varying amplitude or frequency.

3) Satellite Television System Broadcasting:  is a form of transmission that sends audio-Visio television signals from the satellite directly into the home of viewers. The signals are usually received by a satellite dish; this dish serves as an outdoor antenna. 

B. TELECOMMUNICATION: Telecommunication is the exchange of information over significant distances using electronic medium such as telephones, cables, telegraph etc. so in a short form a telecommunication system is any system or device that is used for communication over distances. Types of telecommunication systems are:

• Public switch telephone network. (PSTN)

• Mobile phone system (GSM)

• Circuit switched packet telephone (CSPT)

• Satellite telephone system

• Fixed wireless telephone system

C. DATA NETWORKS: data network is an electronic communication system that allows the transmission and reception of data such as letters, documents etc.

The basic types of data network are as follows:

• Personal Area Network (PAN)

• Local Area Network (LAN)

• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

• Wide Area Network (WAN)

D. INFORMATION SYSTEMS (IS): information system is the collection of components such as people, procedure, databases, telecommunication systems, software and hardware that are used to gather and analyze digital information. There are two important types of information on network and they are as follows,

1. Data processing system:  this is also known as transaction processing system (TPs). They are used to process data in firms and organization that are online. Examples of these systems are:

- Billing systems such as PHCN billing system for calculating customer’s electricity tariffs at the end of every month.

- Systems used in computing taxes

- Payroll system: this is used to compute workers salaries. (e.g. Isolog staffs monthly salary payment uses the payroll system method).

2. Global positioning system (GPS): this is a global information system that uses satellite to transmit signals information to the earth via GPS receivers. GPS receivers determines:

- Users exact location on the globe

- Time difference

- Sunrise and sunset time

- Trip distance calculations this is commonly used by airplanes and commercial cab drivers known as UBER or TAXIFY.

ASSIGNMENT

1. What is the full meaning of ICT?

2. Give a little more broad explanation on the term GPS

3. What is the similarities and differences between a GPS and a NAVIGATOR?